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Ways to Climb the Stairs (illustration)
FILE No.178Unsolved

Ways to Climb the Stairs

Difficulty ★★☆about 5 minLogic PuzzleRecurrencesCase analysis
You climb a 10-step staircase one or two steps at a time. How many ways are there?

Case Record

You climb a 10-step staircase one step at a time or two steps at a time. Even for the same number of steps, a different order of 1-steps and 2-steps counts as a different way.

Your question

How many ways are there to climb the 10 steps?

Case Files

Diagram

A 10-step staircase1 or 2 steps at a timeDifferent orders count as different. How many ways?
Diagram

Hints

If you get stuck, open the hints one at a time, in order.

Open hint 1

Split by whether the last move is 1 step or 2 steps.

Open hint 2

Actually count the cases of 1, 2, and 3 steps.

Open hint 3

What happens if you keep adding the previous two?

Solve It

Your question

How many ways are there to climb the 10 steps?

Choose the answer closest to the truth.

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The Truth

89 ways

The answer is "89 ways."

The number of ways to climb n steps = (ways to climb n−1 steps) + (ways to climb n−2 steps). 1 step: 1 way; 2 steps: 2 ways; 3 steps: 3 ways; 4 steps: 5 ways, and so on, reaching 89 ways for 10 steps.

55 ways is the value for 9 steps, and 144 ways for 11 steps.

n steps = (n−1) + (n−2)Steps12345Ways12358Steps678910Ways132134558910 steps: 89 ways.
Diagram of the solution

Key Points

  • Count from small cases upward
  • Notice the rule of adding the previous two
  • Split into cases by the last move

Why people get fooled

Because you try to count the 10-step case right away.

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