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Two Wills (illustration)
FILE No.59Unsolved

Two Wills

Difficulty ★★☆about 4 minCodes & CiphersObservationChecking conditions
Two wills addressed to a son were found in a study safe. The date is the same. Which was written last?

Case Record

After Morikawa died, two wills addressed to his son were found in the safe in his study. Both were in Morikawa’s own hand, with the same date.

  • First will: “Please open the desk drawer in my study when I am gone” (…引き出しを開けてほしい)
  • Second will: “Please do not open the desk drawer in my study when I am gone” (…引き出しは開けないでほしい)

The lawyer who kept them had heard from Morikawa: “When I correct what I have said, I write it again on a new sheet. Please read the last one I wrote.”

Both sheets had been torn from the same pad that remained in the study. The housekeeper says Morikawa always wrote on the top sheet of the pad and tore the sheet off when he had finished.

When the first will’s sheet was lit from an angle, a faint mark, separate from the ink, showed up on the paper. (Photo)

Your question

Which will did Morikawa write last?

Case Files

The paper of the first letter

The paper of the first letter

Timeline

  1. Morikawa writes two wills on sheets from the same pad.
  2. Two wills are found in the study safe.
  3. The lawyer and housekeeper are heard, and the first sheet is examined.

Hints

If you get stuck, open the hints one at a time, in order.

Open hint 1

Remember which sheet of the pad he used first.

Open hint 2

What was the faint mark on the first will’s sheet made by?

Open hint 3

How is that mark related to the sheet written earlier?

Solve It

Your question

Which will did Morikawa write last?

Choose the answer closest to the truth.

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The Truth

The will asking that the drawer be opened

The answer is the will asking that the drawer be opened (the first will).

The faint “ない” (“not”) on the first will’s sheet is an impression of pen pressure from writing the second will. While the second will was being written, the first will’s sheet lay underneath it.

So Morikawa first wrote “do not open” on the top sheet and tore it off. Then he wrote “please open” on the next sheet, the one that carries the impression.

Therefore the will written last is the first will.

Tracing the order from the stack of paperWrite "do not open" (second will) on the top sheetTear that sheet offOn the new top sheet, write "please open" (first will)The first will’s sheet carries the pen pressure of the second
Diagram of the solution

Key Points

  • Read the faint mark in the photo as evidence
  • Use his writing habit (the top sheet)
  • Work out the order from how the sheets were stacked

Why people get fooled

Because the dates are the same, you conclude the order cannot be known, and overlook the physical evidence of the mark.

Similar tricks

  • The type that reads order from physical traces
  • The type that uses a writing habit as a clue

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